In the medic field it is a common consensus that medical risk is everywhere. As a vital part of the medical work, nursing job also confronts tremendous risk. So far, people in the whole world attach great importance to the precaution and management of the medical risks, especially in the developed countries. A mature risk management mechanism and precaution control system have been established. Since our country\’s medical risk management work is just in the starting stage, the related risk management mechanism and precaution system has not yet been established. Moreover, the nursing risk management is a weaker link.Because of the importance of the nursing risk management and the rarity of related research, the study attempted to construct a nursing risk management index system, which is suitable to the management within hospital. It can help administrators specify the sources of the nursing risk and get a systematic knowledge of these risk factors\’ impact on the risk. It can also remind administrators of the links and key points, which need more attention, and strengthen the ability of precaution nursing risks. It is beneficial not only to improve the nursing quality, but also to ensure the safety of patients.The index system was generally constructed according to the principle and method of system theory,evidence-based medicine and hospital administration theory. To decide the index and their weight, literature review, Delphi, and questionnaire were applied. Experts\’ opinions were collected and the related data were analyzed by risk management theory and medical statistics method. After generally consideration of the practical clinical nursing, a nursing risk management index system, which includes 3 primary index, 10 secondary index and 39 third-rate index, was constructed. According to the results of the study, the problems existing in the present nursing administration work were discussed, and some advanced suggestions and some problems which need further research were pointed out, such as further and more detailed classification of risk factors, and the study on the measures to the risk, and so on. The nursing risk management index system in the study still needs to validate and improve in the daily practice of nursing administration in order to satisfy the requirement of clinical nursing work.

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