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Clinical Study of 86 Pregnancies Complicated by Heart Disease

8 July 2009 0 views No Comment

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the incidence and types of pregnancy complicated by heart disease and evaluate the maternal and fetal outcome of pregnancies complicated by cardiac disease . Methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out of 86 pregnancies in women with cardiac disease who delivered at more than 28 weeks of gestation from January 2003 through January 2007 at QiLu hospital of Shandong University. Use spss13.0 to carry on statistics analysis. All measurement material uses x ± s to indicate and uses the t examination. Counted material precisely examined with the Fisher method. Results: Congenital heart disease and rheumatic heart disease was the predominant cardiac problem. The heart surgical operations before the pregnancy can improve the pregnancies heart function remarkably. Among people of the congenital heart disease had already done with the heart repairing surgery, functional Class I and II was 85.3% significantly more than the 77% in pregnancies who didn\’t have the surgery. Similarly pregnancies with rheumatic heart disease who had the surgery before the pregnancy, functional Class I and II was 100% compared 37.5% in people with previous surgical therapy. According to whether had the classic clinical symptom, we divided the pregnancies into two groups. 13 examples in pregnancies had the classic clinical symptom group functional Class was I and II ,with the average morbidity gestational weeks 35.63 ±3.46weeks, in which 2 examples developed to heart failure, accounted for 15.4%.20 example\’s functional Class was III and IV, the average morbidity gestational weeks was 33.34 ± 3.58 weeks, 12 examples developed to heart failure, accounted for 60%. In pregnancies who didn\’t appear the classic clinical symptom group, functional class I and II was 48 examples, the average morbidity gestational weeks was 38.54±2.13weeks, no one occurred heart failure. There are 5 examples whose functional class was III and IV ,the average morbidity gestational weeks was 35.78±4.44 week, 2 examples occurred heart failure accounted for 40.0%. At present the caesarean section rate was 85.37%(70/82) among all patients, in which one had the hysterotomy delivery. 56 examples had epidural anesthesia accounted for 80.00%(n=70). 11 examples had CESA, accounts for 15.71%.l example had general anesthesia, accounted for 1.43%, local anesthesia with intravenous anesthesia on 2 examples, accounted for 2.86%. According to functional class, the average newborn body weight of functional class I, II and III respectively were 3036.41 ±772.39g, 3090.00± 577.33g, 2994.44 ±879.07g, no obvious statistics difference (P>0.05).The average body weight for functional class IV was 2306.67±676.09g, obviously lower than other three groups (P0.05) of LVEF and AO between six groups (P>0.05).The LVD of PPCM group was larger than rheumatic heart disease and cardiac arrhythmia group (P<0.05). Also proved that PPCM predominantly changed on the LV. The LAD of the cardiac arrhythmia group was longer than CHD, RHD and myocardiopathy groups (P<0.05). 21 examples had compared with secondary pulmonary hypertension(PH) in which 10 were severe PH and 11 were moderate and slight PH. In all patients with PH(n=21) ,11 examples were caused by CHD, 7 examples by RHD,1 by PPCM and 3 examples by eclampsia heart disease. In severe PAH patients, NYHA class III and IV were 1 and 8 examples, 6 patients occurred heart failure .In slight and moderate PH patients NYHA functional class III and IV were 3 and 1 examples, 1 occurred heart failure. Together 19 patients delivered, the average gestational week was 37.00±2.69weeks. There were all 20 newborns, with average birth weight 2684.28±508.75g. 2 pregnancies finally died, one died of congenital thoracic deformity and the other of PPCM. Conclusion Pregnancy complicated by heart disease remains one of the major causes of maternal mortality. The safest way to stop pregnancy is cesarean section with the epidural anesthesia. Echocardiogram become a very important way in diagnosis and treatment in pregnancies complicated heart disease.Pregnancy complicated PH isn\’t one of the high risks which increases the premature, although it may lead to intelligence and growth develop retardation, but not increase the mortality of the newborn. Prenatal consultation, systematic prenatal care and stopping the pregnancy in right time and right way can improve the outcome of both mothers and babies.

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