The properties, applications, present research situations at home and abroad as well as preparation methods of nano-copper oxide were briefly introduced in this thesis. Theoretical analysis and corresponding experiments on preparation process and surface modification of nano-copper oxide had been carried out. Firstly, the basic processes of nanometer particles based on direct precipitation preparation were theoretically analyzed. Secondly, through single-factor and multi-factor orthogonal design experiments of the primary factors that influence yield rate and particle size of nano-copper oxide in the precipitation process, the order of the influencing factors and the suitable process conditions for nano-copper oxide prepared with direct precipitation process were obtained. Then, the surface modification experiments on the prepared nano-copper oxide were carried out. Through single-factor experiments of main factors influencing modified results of sodium stearate and lauryl benzene sulfonic acid sodium, the suitable value range of influencing factors was obtained.The experimental results show:(1) Using cupric nitrate as the raw material, sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate mixed solution as the precipitate agent, the process technology to prepare nano-copper oxide is feasible. By direct precipitation, filtration, wash, drying and roasting, through single-factor and multi-factor orthogonal test analysis, considering both product particle size and copper receiving rate, the suitable technology conditions for precipitation process are: reaction temperature 25℃, precipitate agent concentration 0.5 mol/L, reaction time 20 min, precipitate agent amount 1.5:1. The suitable roasting condition is roasting at 400℃for 2 hours. Based on these conditions, the nano-copper oxide copper receiving rate can be above 97%, and the particle size can be 14nm. (2) Taking sodium stearate as the modification agent\’ to make surface modification on nano-copper oxide, the suitable value range of each factor is: modification agent amount 6-8%, modification time 20-30 min, modification temperature 55-65℃, pH value 7.5-8.0. Taking lauryl benzene sulfonic acid sodium as the modification agent to make surface modification on nano-copper oxide, the suitable value range of each factor is: modification agent amount 6-10%, modification time 20-30 min, modification temperature 25-35℃, pH value 7.5-8.0.

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